{"id":16461,"date":"2026-01-19T08:21:32","date_gmt":"2026-01-19T08:21:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.epicmicron.com\/?p=16461"},"modified":"2026-01-20T01:15:01","modified_gmt":"2026-01-20T01:15:01","slug":"high-purity-black-mass-the-key-to-profitable-lfp-recycling","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.epicmicron.com\/vi\/high-purity-black-mass-the-key-to-profitable-lfp-recycling\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111en tinh khi\u1ebft cao: Ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf LFP hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn"},"content":{"rendered":"

Khi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pin Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi, pin LFP \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111ang nhanh ch\u00f3ng ph\u00e1t huy gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0... \u0110\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u \u0111en thu h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/strong> Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 duy nh\u1ea5t n\u00e0y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u mua hay kh\u00f4ng, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn l\u00e0 $1.000 hay $4.000 m\u1ed7i t\u1ea5n. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111en \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao<\/strong> Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1o ra doanh thu th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. V\u1eady, kh\u1ed1i \u0111en tinh khi\u1ebft cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I. Kh\u1ed1i \u0111en tinh khi\u1ebft cao l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ed9t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh cat\u1ed1t \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc: th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 pin LFP \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, t\u00e1ch chi\u1ebft v\u00e0 tinh ch\u1ebf. Th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1eadt l\u00fd, h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u00ednh:<\/strong>
\u2460 Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc:<\/strong> C\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng cao v\u1edbi LiFePO\u2084 nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t, v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft \u2265 99,5%
\u2461 T\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p:<\/strong> T\u1ed5ng t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t kim lo\u1ea1i \u2264 500 ppm (Cu, Al, Fe, Ni, Cr, v.v.)
\u2462 Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t:<\/strong> D50 = 1\u20133 \u03bcm, Span < 1,2
\u2463 Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp:<\/strong> Th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cat\u1ed1t t\u00e1i sinh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111en c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao mang l\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u pin, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i pin m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

II. T\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb kh\u1ed1i \u0111en c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1. T\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn kinh t\u1ebf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Pin LFP \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kim lo\u1ea1i qu\u00fd nh\u01b0 lithium, s\u1eaft v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1t pho. Vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin m\u1edbi, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u0103ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf. Vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1ed9t \u0111en c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o sau n\u00e0y, cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao h\u01a1n n\u1eefa gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin LFP l\u00e0 thu h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u0110\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7y tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111en c\u1ef1c cao. C\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c nh\u00f4m l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ef1c \u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3m dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng pin, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd chu k\u1ef3 ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed g\u00e2y ra r\u1ee7i ro v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n. Do \u0111\u00f3, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111en c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ef1c \u00e2m LFP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch pin LFP \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 tinh ch\u1ebf b\u1ed9t \u0111en gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i ch\u00f4n l\u1ea5p v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1edfi kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1eaft thu h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb pin \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ea5t s\u1eaft photphat c\u1ea5p pin gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i r\u1eafn \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 cho pin n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean lithium to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n. T\u00e1i ch\u1ebf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Vi\u1ec7c thu h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn b\u1ed9t lithium \u0111en c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 gi\u00fap t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 nh\u01b0 lithium, s\u1eaft v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1t pho t\u1eeb pin \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng khan hi\u1ebfm t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf th\u1ee7y luy\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng qua n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh xanh, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3\u2014ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y kh\u00e9p k\u00edn\u2014c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng axit c\u0169ng \u0111ang n\u1ed5i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1ecdc axit truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea3ng 1.1 C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m trong pin LiFePO\u2084 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/th>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/th>C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Than ch\u00ec<\/td>B\u1ed9t than d\u1ec5 ph\u00e1t n\u1ed5 khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda tr\u1ea7n.<\/td>\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ee5i v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5<\/td><\/tr>
Polypropylene, Polyethylene<\/td>N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi flo, axit m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 baz\u01a1 m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra hydro florua (HF).<\/td>\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m flo<\/td><\/tr>
Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF)<\/td>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y t\u1ea1o ra CO\u2082, aldehyd, v.v.<\/td>\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m h\u1eefu c\u01a1<\/td><\/tr>
Lithium Hexafluorophosphate (LiPF\u2086)<\/td>C\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0103n m\u00f2n cao; ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y trong n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o ra HF; ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t oxy h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh; t\u1ea1o ra P\u2082O\u2085 khi b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y.<\/td>\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m flo v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 pH c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td><\/tr>
Ethylene cacbonat<\/td>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi axit, baz\u01a1, ch\u1ea5t oxy h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed; s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee7y ph\u00e2n t\u1ea1o ra an\u0111ehit v\u00e0 axit.<\/td>\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m aldehyd v\u00e0 axit h\u1eefu c\u01a1<\/td><\/tr>
Propylene Cacbonat<\/td>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t oxy h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh; ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y khi \u0111un n\u00f3ng t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 an\u0111ehit v\u00e0 xeton; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y n\u1ed5 n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y.<\/td>\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m h\u1eefu c\u01a1 aldehyd v\u00e0 ketone<\/td><\/tr>
Dimethyl cacbonat<\/td>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ea5t oxy h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh, axit m\u1ea1nh, baz\u01a1 m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed m\u1ea1nh.<\/td>\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m h\u1eefu c\u01a1<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

III. Quy tr\u00ecnh chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb kh\u1ed1i \u0111en<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u2460 X\u1ea3 an to\u00e0n:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ng\u00e2m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c t\u1ee7 x\u1ea3 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 1V.
\u2461 Th\u00e1o r\u1eddi c\u01a1 kh\u00ed:<\/strong> T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1o v\u1ecf, c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch m\u00f4-\u0111un.
\u2462 B\u00f3c t\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c:<\/strong> Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n (350\u2013450\u00b0C) ho\u1eb7c ng\u00e2m dung m\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ec1m ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh PVDF, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c b\u00f3c t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng con l\u0103n.
\u2463 V\u1ec7 sinh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9:<\/strong> Phun h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ethanol\/n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i (gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 t\u1ea1o ra HF).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Nghi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin LFP \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cat\u1ed1t li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng l\u00e1 nh\u00f4m, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite v\u1edbi carbon d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: PVDF). Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tinh ch\u1ebf h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n do nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n l\u00e1 kim lo\u1ea1i. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c nghi\u1ec1n v\u1eadt l\u00fd nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch chi\u1ebft hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u1ed1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111en ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2460 Nghi\u1ec1n th\u00f4:<\/strong> M\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n tr\u1ee5c k\u00e9p gi\u1ea3m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 10\u201320 mm, c\u1eaft c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, cho ph\u00e9p t\u00e1ch l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh b\u1ecb bong ra do l\u1ef1c c\u1eaft, gi\u1ea3m th\u1ec3 t\u00edch v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 x\u1eed l\u00fd ti\u1ebfp theo. Vi\u1ec7c d\u1eadp t\u1eaft tia l\u1eeda v\u00e0 thu gom b\u1ee5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2461 Nghi\u1ec1n trung gian:<\/strong> M\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n b\u00faa ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n tr\u1ee5c l\u0103n l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 1\u20133 mm\u2014m\u1ed9t k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch b\u1ed9t v\u00e0 l\u00e1 kim lo\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng (\u226595%), khi\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh PVDF b\u1ecb g\u00e3y do m\u1ecfi c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh b\u1ecb bao b\u1ecdc v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4, \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n m\u1ecbn. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh kim lo\u1ea1i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung t\u00e1ch t\u1eeb t\u00ednh + t\u00e1ch d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xo\u00e1y \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y thu h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c >90% Cu\/Al, gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n m\u1ecbn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2462 Nghi\u1ec1n m\u1ecbn: phay ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c<\/mark><\/strong> Hi\u1ec7n nay, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao (kh\u00ed n\u00e9n ho\u1eb7c nit\u01a1) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra va ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0 ma s\u00e1t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, tr\u00e1nh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau (D50: 1\u20133 \u03bcm) v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 h\u1eb9p (Span < 1,2). N\u00f3 tinh ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t LFP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ebfn k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o pin m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a th\u00eam c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m l\u1ea1 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: t\u1eeb c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t zirconia trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n bi). Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y LiFePO\u2084. B\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho ph\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n nit\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"D\u00e2y
D\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

3. B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n tr\u01a1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed tr\u01a1\u2014\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n trung gian v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec1n m\u1ecbn\u2014l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thu\u1ed1c s\u00fang \u0111en c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00ed nit\u01a1 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao (>99,999%), duy tr\u00ec n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 oxy trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 50 ppm (m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ty y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u01b0\u1edbi 20 ppm).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u00ednh:<\/strong> Ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 ch\u00e1y\/n\u1ed5, \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a Fe\u00b2\u207a (\u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u) v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a\/m\u00e0i m\u00f2n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ty \u0111ang th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thu h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 t\u00e1i h\u00f3a l\u1ecfng nit\u01a1, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 nit\u01a1 h\u01a1n 601 t\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. T\u00e1ch v\u00e0 tinh ch\u1ebf nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n, b\u1ed9t m\u1ecbn thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eabn l\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n: b\u1ed9t \u0111en c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau t\u1eeb c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac pin (m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n l\u00e1 kim lo\u1ea1i, c\u1eb7n m\u00e0ng ng\u0103n, ch\u1ea5t d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n, ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh, v.v.). Do \u0111\u00f3, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao. N\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p\u2014d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd nh\u01b0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh\u2014\u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf d\u1ea7n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t<\/th>C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t<\/th>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
C\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n l\u00e1 nh\u00f4m\/\u0111\u1ed3ng (>50 \u03bcm)<\/td>S\u00e0ng rung + T\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xo\u00e1y<\/td>>99%<\/td><\/tr>
C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t kim lo\u1ea1i m\u1ecbn (<50 \u03bcm)<\/td>T\u00e1ch t\u1eeb t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c cao + T\u00e1ch t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td>85-90%<\/td><\/tr>
V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch\/M\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n nh\u1ef1a<\/td>Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed + Tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i<\/td>>95%<\/td><\/tr>
Mu\u1ed9i than\/Ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u1ec1n (gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u00eau k\u1ebft ti\u1ebfp theo)<\/td>Gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i (5-8%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng LFP \u0111en c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n. N\u00f3 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n bao g\u1ed3m khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u01a1 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t quy tr\u00ecnh. N\u00f3 v\u1eeba l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n. r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/strong> v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ed9t s\u1eed thi<\/mark><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ed9t s\u1eed thi<\/a> C\u00f4ng ty ch\u00fang t\u00f4i chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn b\u1ed9t m\u1ecbn cho ng\u00e0nh kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m, v.v. \u0110\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 20 n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9t kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n nghi\u1ec1n kh\u00ed n\u00e9n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t barit si\u00eau m\u1ecbn t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ed9t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec1n b\u1ed9t, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9t, ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n b\u1ed9t, x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ed9t v\u00e0 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1eed v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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